Building an igloo is a fascinating process that showcases human ingenuity and the practicality of snow as a building material. Whether you’re planning an adventurous camping trip or simply want to try something new, constructing an igloo is a rewarding experience. Here’s a step-by-step guide to help you build a sturdy and functional igloo.
1. Choose the Right Location
Select a flat area with compact snow. The snow should be firm enough to hold its shape when cut into blocks. Avoid spots prone to avalanches or areas where the snow is too powdery.
2. Gather the Necessary Tools
- A snow saw or a sturdy knife
- A shovel
- A pair of gloves to protect your hands
- Optional: a tarp or mat for comfort during construction
3. Mark the Foundation
Use a stick or rope to draw a circle on the snow. This will be the base of your igloo. The size of the circle will depend on how many people the igloo needs to accommodate, but a diameter of 7-10 feet is usually sufficient for two to three people.
4. Cut Snow Blocks
Using your snow saw or knife, cut blocks of snow about 2 feet long, 1 foot wide, and 6 inches thick. Ensure the blocks are consistent in size for stability.
5. Lay the First Layer
Place the snow blocks along the marked circle to form the foundation. Angle the blocks slightly inward to begin creating the dome shape.
6. Build Up the Walls
Continue stacking snowblocks in a spiral pattern, overlapping each layer slightly. As you build, tilt the blocks inward more to create the dome shape. Be sure to fill any gaps with loose snow for added insulation.
7. Create the Entrance
Once the main structure is complete, carve out a small entrance at ground level. The entrance should slope slightly downward to trap warm air inside. You can also build a short tunnel to enhance insulation.
8. Cap the Dome
For the final step, cut a perfectly fitting snow block to seal the top of the dome. This piece is crucial for structural integrity, so take your time to ensure a snug fit.
9. Ventilation and Finishing Touches
Poke a small ventilation hole in the top of the igloo to prevent carbon dioxide buildup. Smooth the interior walls with your gloves or a shovel to reduce the risk of melting caused by body heat.
Tips for Success
- Test the Snow: Check the snow’s density before starting. Too loose, and it won’t hold; too icy, and it will be hard to cut.
- Work in Pairs: Building an igloo is much easier with a partner to help lift and place the blocks.
- Dress Warmly: Ensure you’re wearing insulated clothing and waterproof boots to stay comfortable throughout the process.
This is what an Igloo looks like when you build a fire inside. The fire inside melts the inner layer of ice, and the cold outside refreezes it adding a layer of insulation that can keep the igloo at 60° inside while it’s -50° outside.
By following these steps, you can build an igloo that’s not only a functional shelter but also a remarkable feat of engineering. Whether you’re braving the wilderness or just experimenting in your backyard, creating an igloo is an unforgettable experience!
